Codificador Base64

Codifica texto o datos a formato Base64. Perfecto para codificar datos binarios para transmisión web.

Texto de Entrada:

0 caracteres

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¿Qué es la Codificación Base64?

Base64 es un esquema de codificación de binario a texto que representa datos binarios en formato de cadena ASCII. Se utiliza comúnmente para codificar datos binarios para transmisión a través de medios que solo admiten texto, como correo electrónico o HTTP.

Usos Comunes de la Codificación Base64

URIs de Datos: Incrustación de imágenes y otros archivos directamente en HTML o CSS usando URIs de datos.
Transmisión de API: Envío de datos binarios a través de APIs JSON que solo admiten texto.
Archivos Adjuntos de Correo: MIME (Extensiones Multipropósito de Correo de Internet) usa Base64 para codificar archivos adjuntos de correo electrónico.
Autenticación Básica: La autenticación básica HTTP usa Base64 para codificar credenciales.

¿Cómo Funciona la Codificación Base64?

La codificación Base64 convierte datos binarios de 8 bits en caracteres de 6 bits usando un conjunto de 64 caracteres ASCII (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, /). Cada 3 bytes de datos de entrada se convierten en 4 caracteres Base64, lo que aumenta el tamaño de los datos aproximadamente un 33%.

Step 1 - Group into 3-byte blocks: The input data is divided into groups of 3 bytes (24 bits).
Step 2 - Split into 6-bit segments: Each 24-bit block is split into four 6-bit segments.
Step 3 - Map to Base64 characters: Each 6-bit value (0-63) is mapped to one of 64 ASCII characters: A-Z (values 0-25), a-z (26-51), 0-9 (52-61), + (62), / (63).
Step 4 - Padding: If the input length isn't divisible by 3, padding characters (=) are added to make the output length a multiple of 4.

Example: The string "cat" (ASCII: 99, 97, 116) encodes to "Y2F0". The bytes [99, 97, 116] become binary 01100011 01100001 01110100, which splits into 6-bit groups: 011000 110110 000101 110100, mapping to Y(24) 2(54) F(5) 0(52).

History and Background

Base64 encoding originated with RFC 2045 (MIME) in 1996 as a way to encode email attachments. Before Base64, sending files via email was problematic because email protocols were designed for 7-bit ASCII text. Base64 solved this by converting 8-bit binary data into 7-bit safe ASCII characters. Today, Base64 is defined by RFC 4648 and is used far beyond email in web development, APIs, authentication, data URIs, and more.

¿Es Segura la Codificación Base64?

Base64 is encoding, not encryption. It provides no security and can be easily decoded by anyone. Never use Base64 alone to protect sensitive data. Learn about encoding security

Base64 Encoding in Programming Languages

Most programming languages have built-in functions for Base64 encoding. Here are examples in popular languages:

// Basic encoding
$encoded = base64_encode($data);

// Encoding UTF-8 string
$text = "Hello, 世界!";
$encoded = base64_encode($text);

// Encoding file contents
$fileData = file_get_contents('image.png');
$encoded = base64_encode($fileData);

// Browser (btoa for ASCII only)
const encoded = btoa('Hello'); // Basic ASCII

// Browser with UTF-8 support
const encoded = btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent('Hello, 世界!')));

// Modern browsers with TextEncoder
const encoder = new TextEncoder();
const data = encoder.encode('Hello, 世界!');
const encoded = btoa(String.fromCharCode(...data));

import base64

# Encode string (automatic UTF-8)
text = "Hello, 世界!"
encoded = base64.b64encode(text.encode('utf-8')).decode('ascii')

# Encode bytes directly
data = b'\x00\x01\x02\x03'
encoded = base64.b64encode(data).decode('ascii')

# Encode file
with open('image.png', 'rb') as f:
    encoded = base64.b64encode(f.read()).decode('ascii')

import "encoding/base64"

// Basic encoding
data := []byte("Hello, 世界!")
encoded := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(data)

// URL-safe encoding
encoded := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(data)

// Encoding to writer (for large data)
encoder := base64.NewEncoder(base64.StdEncoding, outputWriter)
encoder.Write(data)
encoder.Close()

import java.util.Base64;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

// Basic encoding
String text = "Hello, 世界!";
String encoded = Base64.getEncoder()
    .encodeToString(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

// URL-safe encoding
String encoded = Base64.getUrlEncoder()
    .encodeToString(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

// MIME encoding (line breaks every 76 chars)
String encoded = Base64.getMimeEncoder()
    .encodeToString(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

require 'base64'

# Basic encoding
text = "Hello, 世界!"
encoded = Base64.encode64(text)

# Strict encoding (no newlines)
encoded = Base64.strict_encode64(text)

# URL-safe encoding
encoded = Base64.urlsafe_encode64(text)

using System;
using System.Text;

// Basic encoding
string text = "Hello, 世界!";
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);
string encoded = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);

// With line breaks (for MIME)
string encoded = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes,
    Base64FormattingOptions.InsertLineBreaks);

Related Tools

Need to decode Base64? Use our Base64 Decoder to convert Base64 strings back to original text or binary data.

Working with URLs? Try our URL Encoder to make text URL-safe.

Displaying content on web pages? Use our HTML Entity Encoder to prevent XSS attacks.